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Dedert falling film evaporators for industrial applications

Working principle

The liquor is fed to the top of the heat exchanger. From there, the liquor is distributed into the tubes with Dedert full cone spray nozzles or perforated distribution baskets. The liquor forms a film on the inside of the tube walls and travels down the length of tubes. The energy source on the shellside drives the evaporation on the tubeside whilst the vapor is released from the liquor. At the bottom of the tubes, the concentrated liquor exits heat exchanger, and the vapor continues into an empty separator where any droplets are removed from the vapor via centrifugal action or a demister. 

The droplets are then combined with the concentrated liquor. The clean vapor continues to a subsequent effect, a thermocompressor, a compressor or a fan. Learn more about evaporators.

 

Falling-film-evaporator-with-MVR-scaled

Industries

Dedert falling film (FF) evaporators are hard at work in the following industries:

  • Food processing
  • Chemical manufacturing
  • Distillery operations
  • Biofuel productions

Experience

1,500+
evaporators and crystallizers worldwide

55+
industry experience since 1968
 



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Applications

Dedert falling film (FF) evaporators are used for most evaporator applications due to having the lowest total cost of ownership when compared with forced circulation and rising film.

Falling film evaporators are used for a variety of applications, including:

  • Amino acids
  • Ammonium sulfate
  • Barley stillage
  • Beet stillage
  • Betaine caustic stillages
  • Calcium carbonate
  • Cane stillage
  • Citric acid and salts
  • Corn steep liquor
  • Corn stillage
  • Corn syrup
  • Dextrose
  • Erythritol
  • Fructose
  • Glucose
  • Gulonic acid
  • Glycerin
  • Itaconic acid
  • Lactic acid
  • Lysine
  • Maltodextrin
  • Maltose
  • Molasses
  • MSG
  • Potato juice
  • Pea solubles
  • Potassium carbonate
  • Rendering waste
  • Sodium chloride
  • Sodium sulfate
  • Sodium thiocyanate
  • Steepwater
  • Succinic acid
  • Sucrose
  • Sugar betane
  • Sugar raffinate
  • Sugar vinasse
  • Theonine
  • Tomato sauce
  • Vitamin C
  • Wheat “C” starch effluent
  • Wheat stillage
  • Yeast

Advantages

Falling film (FF) evaporators are a staple in the industry, known for their low energy consumption and short residence times. Dedert Falling Film Evaporators can concentrate to higher viscosities and suspended solids by using the Full Cone Spray Nozzle Distribution System, which not only reduces the tube blockages, yet also maintains the shear produced by the pump as it passes through the nozzle. Note that the nozzles can be polished for sanitary applications.

For applications with higher viscosities and suspended solids that foul or scale:

  • Perforated distribution baskets suffer blockages leading to downtime due to more frequent mechanical cleaning of the tubes. When a plate hole blocks, the tubes below the plate also block
  • The increased shear, or turbulence, reduces the viscosity on the evaporation tube walls
  • Reduced manufacturing costs, since large heat exchangers (tubes up to 18m long with a 3.5m diameter and 10,000m² of surface area) can be manufactured economically
  • Smaller pump and motor requirements for reduced power consumption and operating costs
  • Low operating volume reducing residence time and producing better product quality, especially for heat-sensitive products
  • Reduced CIP product volumes
  • Constant liquid temperature throughout the unit for a lower ∆T requirement
  • Improved steam economy in steam heated or TVR systems
  • Reduced fan power consumption in MVR systems

Falling film pilot evaporator

The Dedert research facility has a pilot FF evaporator to test products on a pilot scale and establish correct parameters and material characteristics needed for optimal design and scale-up. Dedert rental pilot evaporators are:

  • Skid mounted and preassembled
  • Equipped with vacuum system, pumps and motors
  • Easily reconfigured for forced circulation and falling film
  • Single effect steam heated
  • Robust, with an evaporation capacity of 110-150 lb/h (50-70 )
  • Industrial stainless-steel grade Type 316
  • Suitable for installation and testing at operational plants and test facilities

Energy integration

MVR_evaporator-1.jpg

Mechanical vapor recompression (MVR)

MVR systems recompress the vapor produced in the evaporator using a fan, blower, or high-speed compressor to increase both the vapor pressure and temperature. This recompressed vapor is then returned to the shell side of the heat exchanger where it is condensed, driving evaporation on the tube side. Capacity is controlled by modulating the fan speed with a Variable Frequency Drive, or the flow by inlet guide vanes.

As of 2024, Dedert has provided over 250 MVR systems across 25 countries.

Mechanical vapor recompression in evaporators

Thermal vapor recompression (TVR)

Thermal vapor recompression (TVR) system is more energy efficient than a steam heated system when medium to high pressure steam is available. The motive steam enters through the nozzles and draws in recycled suction vapor. The vapor mixes in the converging section, and the recycled vapor is boosted to an intermediate pressure. Recycling the suction vapor allows for a lower steam consumption. Thermocompressors are more efficient when they are recycling more vapour, producing a lower boost and therefore requiring less steam.

Waste-heat-evaporators

Waste heat evaporator (WHE)

This evaporator condenses waste heat in the form of dryer vapors, ethanol from distillation columns, or cools hot process water to drive evaporation. Dedert was the first to use waste dryer gas as a heating source, receiving a patent in the early 1980s for an all-in-one scrubber and evaporator, which allowed the heat exchanger to accept dryer vapors containing particulates. Dedert has supplied more than 100 waste heat systems across the world, powered entirely by waste fluids.

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